diff --git a/code/bolsonaro/models/kmeans_forest_regressor.py b/code/bolsonaro/models/kmeans_forest_regressor.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..a1a3dee940844a1e48a5fbd5df416bdea6eae903
--- /dev/null
+++ b/code/bolsonaro/models/kmeans_forest_regressor.py
@@ -0,0 +1,78 @@
+from bolsonaro.utils import tqdm_joblib
+
+from sklearn.ensemble import RandomForestRegressor
+from sklearn.metrics import mean_squared_error
+from sklearn.base import BaseEstimator
+from sklearn.cluster import KMeans
+from abc import abstractmethod, ABCMeta
+import numpy as np
+from scipy.stats import mode
+from joblib import Parallel, delayed
+from tqdm import tqdm
+
+
+class KMeansForestRegressor(BaseEstimator, metaclass=ABCMeta):
+ """
+ On extreme pruning of random forest ensembles for ral-time predictive applications', by Khaled Fawagreh, Mohamed Medhat Gaber and Eyad Elyan.
+ """
+
+ def __init__(self, models_parameters, score_metric=mean_squared_error):
+ self._models_parameters = models_parameters
+ self._estimator = RandomForestRegressor(**self._models_parameters.hyperparameters,
+ random_state=self._models_parameters.seed, n_jobs=-1)
+ self._extracted_forest_size = self._models_parameters.extracted_forest_size
+ self._score_metric = score_metric
+
+ @property
+ def models_parameters(self):
+ return self._models_parameters
+
+ def fit(self, X_train, y_train, X_val, y_val):
+ self._estimator.fit(X_train, y_train)
+
+ predictions = list()
+ for tree in self._estimator.estimators_:
+ predictions.append(tree.predict(X_train))
+ predictions = np.array(predictions)
+
+ kmeans = KMeans(n_clusters=self._extracted_forest_size, random_state=self._models_parameters.seed).fit(predictions)
+ labels = np.array(kmeans.labels_)
+
+ # For each cluster select the best tree on the validation set
+ extracted_forest_sizes = list(range(self._extracted_forest_size))
+ with tqdm_joblib(tqdm(total=self._extracted_forest_size, disable=True)) as prune_forest_job_pb:
+ pruned_forest = Parallel(n_jobs=-1)(delayed(self._prune_forest_job)(prune_forest_job_pb,
+ extracted_forest_sizes[i], labels, X_val, y_val, self._score_metric)
+ for i in range(self._extracted_forest_size))
+
+ self._estimator.estimators_ = pruned_forest
+
+ def _prune_forest_job(self, prune_forest_job_pb, c, labels, X_val, y_val, score_metric):
+ index = np.where(labels == c)[0]
+ with tqdm_joblib(tqdm(total=len(index), disable=True)) as cluster_job_pb:
+ cluster = Parallel(n_jobs=-1)(delayed(self._cluster_job)(cluster_job_pb, index[i], X_val,
+ y_val, score_metric) for i in range(len(index)))
+ best_tree_index = np.argmax(cluster)
+ prune_forest_job_pb.update()
+ return self._estimator.estimators_[index[best_tree_index]]
+
+ def _cluster_job(self, cluster_job_pb, i, X_val, y_val, score_metric):
+ y_val_pred = self._estimator.estimators_[i].predict(X_val)
+ tree_pred = score_metric(y_val, y_val_pred)
+ cluster_job_pb.update()
+ return tree_pred
+
+ def predict(self, X):
+ return self._estimator.predict(X)
+
+ def score(self, X, y):
+ predictions = list()
+ for tree in self._estimator.estimators_:
+ predictions.append(tree.predict(X))
+ predictions = np.array(predictions)
+ mean_predictions = np.mean(predictions, axis=0)
+ score = self._score_metric(mean_predictions, y)
+ return score
+
+ def predict_base_estimator(self, X):
+ return self._estimator.predict(X)
diff --git a/code/bolsonaro/models/model_factory.py b/code/bolsonaro/models/model_factory.py
index 74993cc0a30b754595a490de40d69e064687bc24..bbda6cae89d218c7831780f71b9fc6a7bc022d54 100644
--- a/code/bolsonaro/models/model_factory.py
+++ b/code/bolsonaro/models/model_factory.py
@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@ from bolsonaro.models.omp_forest_classifier import OmpForestBinaryClassifier, Om
from bolsonaro.models.omp_forest_regressor import OmpForestRegressor
from bolsonaro.models.model_parameters import ModelParameters
from bolsonaro.models.similarity_forest_regressor import SimilarityForestRegressor
+from bolsonaro.models.kmeans_forest_regressor import KMeansForestRegressor
from bolsonaro.data.task import Task
from sklearn.ensemble import RandomForestRegressor, RandomForestClassifier
@@ -22,9 +23,11 @@ class ModelFactory(object):
elif model_parameters.extraction_strategy == 'random':
return RandomForestClassifier(n_estimators=model_parameters.extracted_forest_size,
random_state=model_parameters.seed)
- else:
+ elif model_parameters.extraction_strategy == 'none':
return RandomForestClassifier(n_estimators=model_parameters.hyperparameters['n_estimators'],
random_state=model_parameters.seed)
+ else:
+ raise ValueError('Invalid extraction strategy')
elif task == Task.REGRESSION:
if model_parameters.extraction_strategy == 'omp':
return OmpForestRegressor(model_parameters)
@@ -33,15 +36,21 @@ class ModelFactory(object):
random_state=model_parameters.seed)
elif model_parameters.extraction_strategy == 'similarity':
return SimilarityForestRegressor(model_parameters)
- else:
+ elif model_parameters.extraction_strategy == 'kmeans':
+ return KMeansForestRegressor(model_parameters)
+ elif model_parameters.extraction_strategy == 'none':
return RandomForestRegressor(n_estimators=model_parameters.hyperparameters['n_estimators'],
random_state=model_parameters.seed)
+ else:
+ raise ValueError('Invalid extraction strategy')
elif task == Task.MULTICLASSIFICATION:
if model_parameters.extraction_strategy == 'omp':
return OmpForestMulticlassClassifier(model_parameters)
elif model_parameters.extraction_strategy == 'random':
return RandomForestClassifier(n_estimators=model_parameters.extracted_forest_size,
random_state=model_parameters.seed)
- else:
+ elif model_parameters.extraction_strategy == 'none':
return RandomForestClassifier(n_estimators=model_parameters.hyperparameters['n_estimators'],
random_state=model_parameters.seed)
+ else:
+ raise ValueError('Invalid extraction strategy')
diff --git a/code/bolsonaro/models/similarity_forest_regressor.py b/code/bolsonaro/models/similarity_forest_regressor.py
index f8d9c3ed349cf8c9e27acbcd7982694a65e11636..647e8695da88c0f84817a602471fd90f9bd1f1b0 100644
--- a/code/bolsonaro/models/similarity_forest_regressor.py
+++ b/code/bolsonaro/models/similarity_forest_regressor.py
@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@ from sklearn.metrics import mean_squared_error
from sklearn.base import BaseEstimator
from abc import abstractmethod, ABCMeta
import numpy as np
+from tqdm import tqdm
class SimilarityForestRegressor(BaseEstimator, metaclass=ABCMeta):
@@ -10,56 +11,69 @@ class SimilarityForestRegressor(BaseEstimator, metaclass=ABCMeta):
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2822360/
"""
- def __init__(self, models_parameters):
+ def __init__(self, models_parameters, score_metric=mean_squared_error):
self._models_parameters = models_parameters
- self._regressor = RandomForestRegressor(n_estimators=self._models_parameters.hyperparameters['n_estimators'],
- random_state=models_parameters.seed)
+ self._estimator = RandomForestRegressor(**self._models_parameters.hyperparameters,
+ random_state=self._models_parameters.seed, n_jobs=-1)
self._extracted_forest_size = self._models_parameters.extracted_forest_size
+ self._score_metric = score_metric
@property
def models_parameters(self):
return self._models_parameters
- def fit(self, X_train, y_train, X_val, y_val, score_metric=mean_squared_error):
+ def fit(self, X_train, y_train, X_val, y_val):
+ self._estimator.fit(X_train, y_train)
- self._regressor.fit(X_train, y_train)
-
- y_val_pred = self._regressor.predict(X_val)
- forest_pred = score_metric(y_val, y_val_pred)
- forest = self._regressor.estimators_
+ y_val_pred = self._estimator.predict(X_val)
+ forest_pred = self._score_metric(y_val, y_val_pred)
+ forest = self._estimator.estimators_
selected_trees = list()
- tree_list = list(self._regressor.estimators_)
+ tree_list = list(self._estimator.estimators_)
+
+ val_scores = list()
+ with tqdm(tree_list) as tree_pred_bar:
+ tree_pred_bar.set_description('[Initial tree predictions]')
+ for tree in tree_pred_bar:
+ val_scores.append(tree.predict(X_val))
+ tree_pred_bar.update(1)
- for _ in range(self._extracted_forest_size):
- best_similarity = 100000
- found_index = 0
- for i in range(len(tree_list)):
- lonely_tree = tree_list[i]
- del tree_list[i]
- val_list = list()
- for tree in tree_list:
- val_pred = tree.predict(X_val)
- val_list.append(val_pred)
- val_list = np.array(val_list)
- val_mean = np.mean(val_list, axis=0)
- val_score = score_metric(val_mean, y_val)
- temp_similarity = abs(forest_pred - val_score)
- if (temp_similarity < best_similarity):
- found_index = i
- best_similarity = temp_similarity
- tree_list.insert(i, lonely_tree)
- selected_trees.append(tree_list[found_index])
- del tree_list[found_index]
+ with tqdm(range(self._extracted_forest_size), disable=True) as pruning_forest_bar:
+ pruning_forest_bar.set_description(f'[Pruning forest s={self._extracted_forest_size}]')
+ for i in pruning_forest_bar:
+ best_similarity = 100000
+ found_index = 0
+ with tqdm(range(len(tree_list)), disable=True) as tree_list_bar:
+ tree_list_bar.set_description(f'[Tree selection s={self._extracted_forest_size} #{i}]')
+ for j in tree_list_bar:
+ lonely_tree = tree_list[j]
+ del tree_list[j]
+ val_mean = np.mean(np.asarray(val_scores), axis=0)
+ val_score = self._score_metric(val_mean, y_val)
+ temp_similarity = abs(forest_pred - val_score)
+ if (temp_similarity < best_similarity):
+ found_index = j
+ best_similarity = temp_similarity
+ tree_list.insert(j, lonely_tree)
+ val_scores.insert(j, lonely_tree.predict(X_val))
+ tree_list_bar.update(1)
+ selected_trees.append(tree_list[found_index])
+ del tree_list[found_index]
+ del val_scores[found_index]
+ pruning_forest_bar.update(1)
pruned_forest = list(set(forest) - set(selected_trees))
- self._regressor.estimators_ = pruned_forest
+ self._estimator.estimators_ = pruned_forest
def score(self, X, y):
test_list = list()
- for mod in self._regressor.estimators_:
+ for mod in self._estimator.estimators_:
test_pred = mod.predict(X)
test_list.append(test_pred)
test_list = np.array(test_list)
test_mean = np.mean(test_list, axis=0)
- score = mean_squared_error(test_mean, y)
+ score = self._score_metric(test_mean, y)
return score
+
+ def predict_base_estimator(self, X):
+ return self._estimator.predict(X)
diff --git a/code/compute_results.py b/code/compute_results.py
index f15a7ff80249c538f2a408b564965de125b21cc4..5f7fac2c7718cf887d3d83a5b3a7eb9cdebfb9d9 100644
--- a/code/compute_results.py
+++ b/code/compute_results.py
@@ -400,23 +400,51 @@ if __name__ == "__main__":
xlabel='Number of trees extracted',
ylabel=experiments_score_metric,
title='Loss values of {}\nusing best params of previous stages'.format(args.dataset_name))
+ elif args.stage == 5:
+ # Retreive the extracted forest sizes number used in order to have a base forest axis as long as necessary
+ extracted_forest_sizes_number = retreive_extracted_forest_sizes_number(args.models_dir, args.experiment_ids[1])
+
+ # base_with_params
+ logger.info('Loading base_with_params experiment scores...')
+ base_with_params_train_scores, base_with_params_dev_scores, base_with_params_test_scores, \
+ base_with_params_experiment_score_metric = \
+ extract_scores_across_seeds_and_forest_size(args.models_dir, args.results_dir, args.experiment_ids[0],
+ extracted_forest_sizes_number)
+ # random_with_params
+ logger.info('Loading random_with_params experiment scores...')
+ random_with_params_train_scores, random_with_params_dev_scores, random_with_params_test_scores, \
+ with_params_extracted_forest_sizes, random_with_params_experiment_score_metric = \
+ extract_scores_across_seeds_and_extracted_forest_sizes(args.models_dir, args.results_dir, args.experiment_ids[1])
+ # omp_with_params
+ logger.info('Loading omp_with_params experiment scores...')
+ omp_with_params_train_scores, omp_with_params_dev_scores, omp_with_params_test_scores, _, \
+ omp_with_params_experiment_score_metric = extract_scores_across_seeds_and_extracted_forest_sizes(
+ args.models_dir, args.results_dir, args.experiment_ids[2])
+ # omp_with_params
+ logger.info('Loading kmeans_with_params experiment scores...')
+ kmeans_with_params_train_scores, kmeans_with_params_dev_scores, kmeans_with_params_test_scores, _, \
+ kmeans_with_params_experiment_score_metric = extract_scores_across_seeds_and_extracted_forest_sizes(
+ args.models_dir, args.results_dir, args.experiment_ids[3])
+
+ # Sanity check on the metrics retreived
+ if not (base_with_params_experiment_score_metric == random_with_params_experiment_score_metric
+ == omp_with_params_experiment_score_metric == kmeans_with_params_experiment_score_metric):
+ raise ValueError('Score metrics of all experiments must be the same.')
+ experiments_score_metric = base_with_params_experiment_score_metric
+
+ output_path = os.path.join(args.results_dir, args.dataset_name, 'stage5_kmeans')
+ pathlib.Path(output_path).mkdir(parents=True, exist_ok=True)
- # experiment_weights
- #Plotter.weight_density(experiment_weights, output_path + os.sep + 'weight_density.png')
+ Plotter.plot_stage2_losses(
+ file_path=output_path + os.sep + 'losses.png',
+ all_experiment_scores=[base_with_params_test_scores, random_with_params_test_scores, omp_with_params_test_scores,
+ kmeans_with_params_test_scores],
+ all_labels=['base', 'random', 'omp', 'kmeans'],
+ x_value=with_params_extracted_forest_sizes,
+ xlabel='Number of trees extracted',
+ ylabel=experiments_score_metric,
+ title='Loss values of {}\nusing best params of previous stages'.format(args.dataset_name))
else:
raise ValueError('This stage number is not supported yet, but it will be!')
logger.info('Done.')
-
- """
- TODO:
- For each dataset:
- Stage 1) [DONE for california_housing] A figure for the selection of the best base forest model hyperparameters (best vs default/random hyperparams)
- Stage 2) [DONE for california_housing] A figure for the selection of the best combination of normalization: D normalization vs weights normalization (4 combinations)
- Stage 3) [DONE for california_housing] A figure for the selection of the most relevant subsets combination: train,dev vs train+dev,train+dev vs train,train+dev
- Stage 4) A figure to finally compare the perf of our approach using the previous selected
- parameters vs the baseline vs other papers using different extracted forest size
- (percentage of the tree size found previously in best hyperparams search) on the abscissa.
-
- IMPORTANT: Compare experiments that used the same seeds among them (except for stage 1).
- """
diff --git a/code/train.py b/code/train.py
index 8a7ccebed390e318ad74019aed2e14d704fe67dd..1d75e98b9044165abb075a346761a910d8479a83 100644
--- a/code/train.py
+++ b/code/train.py
@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@ import numpy as np
import shutil
-def process_job(seed, parameters, experiment_id, hyperparameters):
+def seed_job(seed_job_pb, seed, parameters, experiment_id, hyperparameters, verbose):
"""
Experiment function.
@@ -34,7 +34,6 @@ def process_job(seed, parameters, experiment_id, hyperparameters):
"""
logger = LoggerFactory.create(LOG_PATH, 'training_seed{}_ti{}'.format(
seed, threading.get_ident()))
- logger.info('seed={}'.format(seed))
seed_str = str(seed)
experiment_id_str = str(experiment_id)
@@ -55,13 +54,31 @@ def process_job(seed, parameters, experiment_id, hyperparameters):
trainer = Trainer(dataset)
if parameters['extraction_strategy'] != 'none':
- for extracted_forest_size in parameters['extracted_forest_size']:
- logger.info('extracted_forest_size={}'.format(extracted_forest_size))
- sub_models_dir = models_dir + os.sep + 'extracted_forest_sizes' + os.sep + str(extracted_forest_size)
- pathlib.Path(sub_models_dir).mkdir(parents=True, exist_ok=True)
+ with tqdm_joblib(tqdm(total=len(parameters['extracted_forest_size']), disable=not verbose)) as extracted_forest_size_job_pb:
+ Parallel(n_jobs=-1)(delayed(extracted_forest_size_job)(extracted_forest_size_job_pb, parameters['extracted_forest_size'][i],
+ models_dir, seed, parameters, dataset, hyperparameters, experiment_id, trainer)
+ for i in range(len(parameters['extracted_forest_size'])))
+ else:
+ forest_size = hyperparameters['n_estimators']
+ logger.info('Base forest training with fixed forest size of {}'.format(forest_size))
+ sub_models_dir = models_dir + os.sep + 'forest_size' + os.sep + str(forest_size)
+ # Check if the result file already exists
+ already_exists = False
+ if os.path.isdir(sub_models_dir):
+ sub_models_dir_files = os.listdir(sub_models_dir)
+ for file_name in sub_models_dir_files:
+ if '.pickle' != os.path.splitext(file_name)[1]:
+ continue
+ else:
+ already_exists = os.path.getsize(os.path.join(sub_models_dir, file_name)) > 0
+ break
+ if already_exists:
+ logger.info('Base forest result already exists. Skipping...')
+ else:
+ pathlib.Path(sub_models_dir).mkdir(parents=True, exist_ok=True)
model_parameters = ModelParameters(
- extracted_forest_size=extracted_forest_size,
+ extracted_forest_size=forest_size,
normalize_D=parameters['normalize_D'],
subsets_used=parameters['subsets_used'],
normalize_weights=parameters['normalize_weights'],
@@ -76,29 +93,50 @@ def process_job(seed, parameters, experiment_id, hyperparameters):
trainer.init(model, subsets_used=parameters['subsets_used'])
trainer.train(model)
trainer.compute_results(model, sub_models_dir)
- else:
- forest_size = hyperparameters['n_estimators']
- logger.info('Base forest training with fixed forest size of {}'.format(forest_size))
- sub_models_dir = models_dir + os.sep + 'forest_size' + os.sep + str(forest_size)
- pathlib.Path(sub_models_dir).mkdir(parents=True, exist_ok=True)
-
- model_parameters = ModelParameters(
- extracted_forest_size=forest_size,
- normalize_D=parameters['normalize_D'],
- subsets_used=parameters['subsets_used'],
- normalize_weights=parameters['normalize_weights'],
- seed=seed,
- hyperparameters=hyperparameters,
- extraction_strategy=parameters['extraction_strategy']
- )
- model_parameters.save(sub_models_dir, experiment_id)
-
- model = ModelFactory.build(dataset.task, model_parameters)
-
- trainer.init(model, subsets_used=parameters['subsets_used'])
- trainer.train(model)
- trainer.compute_results(model, sub_models_dir)
- logger.info('Training done')
+ logger.info(f'Training done for seed {seed_str}')
+ seed_job_pb.update(1)
+
+def extracted_forest_size_job(extracted_forest_size_job_pb, extracted_forest_size, models_dir,
+ seed, parameters, dataset, hyperparameters, experiment_id, trainer):
+
+ logger = LoggerFactory.create(LOG_PATH, 'training_seed{}_extracted_forest_size{}_ti{}'.format(
+ seed, extracted_forest_size, threading.get_ident()))
+ logger.info('extracted_forest_size={}'.format(extracted_forest_size))
+
+ sub_models_dir = models_dir + os.sep + 'extracted_forest_sizes' + os.sep + str(extracted_forest_size)
+
+ # Check if the result file already exists
+ already_exists = False
+ if os.path.isdir(sub_models_dir):
+ sub_models_dir_files = os.listdir(sub_models_dir)
+ for file_name in sub_models_dir_files:
+ if '.pickle' != os.path.splitext(file_name)[1]:
+ return
+ else:
+ already_exists = os.path.getsize(os.path.join(sub_models_dir, file_name)) > 0
+ break
+ if already_exists:
+ logger.info(f'Extracted forest {extracted_forest_size} result already exists. Skipping...')
+ return
+
+ pathlib.Path(sub_models_dir).mkdir(parents=True, exist_ok=True)
+
+ model_parameters = ModelParameters(
+ extracted_forest_size=extracted_forest_size,
+ normalize_D=parameters['normalize_D'],
+ subsets_used=parameters['subsets_used'],
+ normalize_weights=parameters['normalize_weights'],
+ seed=seed,
+ hyperparameters=hyperparameters,
+ extraction_strategy=parameters['extraction_strategy']
+ )
+ model_parameters.save(sub_models_dir, experiment_id)
+
+ model = ModelFactory.build(dataset.task, model_parameters)
+
+ trainer.init(model, subsets_used=parameters['subsets_used'])
+ trainer.train(model)
+ trainer.compute_results(model, sub_models_dir)
"""
Command lines example for stage 1:
@@ -138,6 +176,7 @@ if __name__ == "__main__":
DEFAULT_SKIP_BEST_HYPERPARAMS = False
DEFAULT_JOB_NUMBER = -1
DEFAULT_EXTRACTION_STRATEGY = 'omp'
+ DEFAULT_OVERWRITE = False
begin_random_seed_range = 1
end_random_seed_range = 2000
@@ -163,7 +202,8 @@ if __name__ == "__main__":
parser.add_argument('--skip_best_hyperparams', action='store_true', default=DEFAULT_SKIP_BEST_HYPERPARAMS, help='Do not use the best hyperparameters if there exist.')
parser.add_argument('--save_experiment_configuration', nargs='+', default=None, help='Save the experiment parameters specified in the command line in a file. Args: {{stage_num}} {{name}}')
parser.add_argument('--job_number', nargs='?', type=int, default=DEFAULT_JOB_NUMBER, help='Specify the number of job used during the parallelisation across seeds.')
- parser.add_argument('--extraction_strategy', nargs='?', type=str, default=DEFAULT_EXTRACTION_STRATEGY, help='Specify the strategy to apply to extract the trees from the forest. Either omp, random, none or similarity.')
+ parser.add_argument('--extraction_strategy', nargs='?', type=str, default=DEFAULT_EXTRACTION_STRATEGY, help='Specify the strategy to apply to extract the trees from the forest. Either omp, random, none, similarity, kmeans.')
+ parser.add_argument('--overwrite', action='store_true', default=DEFAULT_OVERWRITE, help='Overwrite the experiment id')
args = parser.parse_args()
if args.experiment_configuration:
@@ -173,7 +213,7 @@ if __name__ == "__main__":
else:
parameters = args.__dict__
- if parameters['extraction_strategy'] not in ['omp', 'random', 'none', 'similarity']:
+ if parameters['extraction_strategy'] not in ['omp', 'random', 'none', 'similarity', 'kmeans']:
raise ValueError('Specified extraction strategy {} is not supported.'.format(parameters.extraction_strategy))
pathlib.Path(parameters['models_dir']).mkdir(parents=True, exist_ok=True)
@@ -220,7 +260,8 @@ if __name__ == "__main__":
if args.experiment_id:
experiment_id = args.experiment_id
- shutil.rmtree(os.path.join(parameters['models_dir'], str(experiment_id)), ignore_errors=True)
+ if args.overwrite:
+ shutil.rmtree(os.path.join(parameters['models_dir'], str(experiment_id)), ignore_errors=True)
else:
# Resolve the next experiment id number (last id + 1)
experiment_id = resolve_experiment_id(parameters['models_dir'])
@@ -255,6 +296,6 @@ if __name__ == "__main__":
)
# Run as much job as there are seeds
- with tqdm_joblib(tqdm(total=len(seeds), disable=not args.verbose)) as progress_bar:
- Parallel(n_jobs=args.job_number)(delayed(process_job)(seeds[i],
- parameters, experiment_id, hyperparameters) for i in range(len(seeds)))
+ with tqdm_joblib(tqdm(total=len(seeds), disable=not args.verbose)) as seed_job_pb:
+ Parallel(n_jobs=args.job_number)(delayed(seed_job)(seed_job_pb, seeds[i],
+ parameters, experiment_id, hyperparameters, args.verbose) for i in range(len(seeds)))